Flood Vulnerability Evaluation and Prediction Using Multi-temporal Data: A Case in Tangerang, Indonesia

Land-use change has an impact on growing physical flood vulnerability. Geographic Information System (GIS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approaches are increasingly being used for vulnerability assessments. However, none time-series land cover data evaluation rainfall over various return periods prediction simultaneously, especially in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate predict using periods. Eight criteria were considered the assessment: elevation, topographic wetness index, slope, distance river, downstream, soil type, rainfall, cover. The weights determined AHP method based expert judgment. multi-criteria model was built validated inundation data. Based model, effect of changes evaluated. also predicted models have shown reliable findings. criterion elevation river significantly influenced by 41% 20%. showed a strong correlation between built-up area with high (r2 = 0.96). Furthermore, expansion Further research spatial higher resolution more advanced validation techniques is needed improve accuracy.